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A fascinating history--. Literate and authoritative--.Marvelously exciting. -- The New York Times Book Review

Jonathan Weiner, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for The Beak of the Finch , brings his brilliant reporting skills to the story of Seymour Benzer, the Brooklyn-born maverick scientist whose study of genetics and experiments with fruit fly genes has helped revolutionize or knowledge of the connections between DNA and behavior both animal and human.

How much of our fate is decided before we are born? Which of our characteristics is inscribed in our DNA? Weiner brings us into Benzer's Fly Rooms at the California Institute of Technology, where Benzer, and his asssociates are in the process of finding answers, often astonishing ones, to these questions. Part biography, part thrilling scientific detective story, Time, Love, Memory forcefully demonstrates how Benzer's studies are changing our world view--and even our lives.

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Benzer hated the new crowds too. His laboratory's work on the growth of fly embryos, fly nerves, and in particular fly eyes had made the fly eye one of the hottest fields in neurobiology. "And there was enormous competition between Seymour's lab and Gerry Rubin's lab in Berkeley," recalls Michael Ashburner. "That's probably passed now, because they've each moved on. But at one time they were both doing rather similar experiments and certainly following a rather similar strategy, and I think there's no question that Gerry's lab did it more successfully than Seymour's —— that the tension of that competition wasn't helpful. This is just an anecdote. But I was at Berkeley in '84 , '85, can't remember now. And I remember going down to Caltech. Fifteen or sixteen people sat around in Seymour's c...

There is also an unspoken corollary that might be called Occam's Castle: Faced with several competing places to build a new science, prefer the simplest one. Pick the place that requires the least preparation, the least digging, hauling out, pouring in, and shoring up. In real estate the rule is location, location, location. In science the rule is foundation, foundation, foundation. Where the foundation is firmest, the castle will rise highest. Where the ground is solid, build there, and the universe is so constructed that you will have a view.

So Benzer tried it. He went back to a standard gadget from physics and chemistry, a spectrophotometer. The centerpiece of a spectrophotometer is a little glass square-sided cylinder called a cuvette. When physicists or chemists have a mystery substance to identify, they pour a few drops of it into the cuvette and switch on the spectrophotometer. The gadget fires a series of light beams through the cuvette: all the colors of the rainbow, plus ultraviolet and infrared. A sensor analyzes each beam as it passes through the cuvette, and a marking pen makes a series of squiggles on a rolling drum of paper. Sometimes the investigators can identify their mystery substance from the pattern of the squiggles on the paper.

Benzer put two strips of black tape on the outside of the cuvette, with a litt...

Even with the wandering of science, there is play in the system. Science blunders along, like every sort of behavior. Max Delbruck knew that science is always improvisatory: "The grand edifice of science, built through the centuries by the efforts of many people in many nations, gives you the illusion of an immense cathedral, erected in an orderly fashion according to some master plan. However, there never was a master plan. The edifice is a result of channeling our intellectual obsessive forces into the joint program. In spite of this channelling, the progress of science at all times has been and still is immensely disorderly for the very reason that there can be no master plan." In science, as in the rest of life, the paths are paths only in retrospect.

The word 'religion' comes from the Latin 'religare', to bind loose things together.

At Caltech, Delbruck used to play chess with the mathematician Solomon Golomb. Delbruck spent sixty minutes to Golomb's one minute and still couldn't win. Delbruck's friends asked him why he kept losing when he gave so much thoughts to each move. Delbruck said, "I think, but he knows."

书籍介绍

A fascinating history--. Literate and authoritative--.Marvelously exciting. -- The New York Times Book Review

Jonathan Weiner, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for The Beak of the Finch , brings his brilliant reporting skills to the story of Seymour Benzer, the Brooklyn-born maverick scientist whose study of genetics and experiments with fruit fly genes has helped revolutionize or knowledge of the connections between DNA and behavior both animal and human.

How much of our fate is decided before we are born? Which of our characteristics is inscribed in our DNA? Weiner brings us into Benzer's Fly Rooms at the California Institute of Technology, where Benzer, and his asssociates are in the process of finding answers, often astonishing ones, to these questions. Part biography, part thrilling scientific detective story, Time, Love, Memory forcefully demonstrates how Benzer's studies are changing our world view--and even our lives.