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Design is the single most important factor in creating a successful photograph. The ability to see the potential for a strong picture and then organize the graphic elements into an effective, compelling composition has always been one of the key skills in making photographs. Of course, digital photography has brought a new, exciting aspect to design first because the instant feedback from a digital camera allows immediate appraisal and improvement; and second because image-editing tools make it possible to alter and enhance the design after the shutter has been pressed. This has had a profound effect on the way digital photographers take pictures. The Photographers Eye shows how anyone can develop an eye for seeing great digital photos. The book explores all the traditional approaches to composition and design, but crucially, it also addresses the new digital technique of shooting in the knowledge that a picture will later be edited, manipulated, or montaged to result in a final image that may be very different from the one seen in the viewfinder.

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如果无知的你能够创造色彩杰作，那么无知就是你的方法，但是如果你不能用无知来创造色彩杰作，那你就应该寻求知识

两种最基本的原理是对比和平衡。对比强调的是照片中图像元素之间的区别，无论是影调的对比、色彩的对比、形态的对比还是其他。两个相互对比的元素能相互加强。平衡则是隐含在对比之中的关系，是对立元素之间的主动关系。如果达到了平衡，影像就会有一种平衡感。否则，影像就失去了平衡，会留下视觉张力。

另一种考察的类型是通过一个相当长的时间段。安塞尔・亚当斯在谈论他所选择的领域一风光一一时写到，“定期返回可能比在一个地方长时间等待某些事情发生更值得。”这很显然在拍摄某个地方时比拍摄大多数其他主体时更为有效，它同时带来了新的议题和期待。

对于风光，摄影师期待短时间内能改变的是光线，期待在几个月的时间里改变的可能是季节变化。但是随着时间流逝和自身技术的提高，意料之外的更有可能出现了。

在一段时间内考察一个主体与在单个行程内考察具有非常不同的形式。除了那些包括在人工风景中的破坏与新建等不可预测的变化之外，我们也应考虑我们自身的态度变化。某个时刻对一个摄影师有吸引力的东西可能在以后另一个时刻变得平淡乏味

实际依赖返回拍摄来获得更好的照片是非常冒险的，尤其因为那些最初吸引摄影师注意力的东西可能是一种相当微妙的混合，很可能在另一个时刻根本不存在。这一点特别正确，当这里包含了无法预测的光线时。

事实上，依赖于下次返回来获得结果是不可能的，这也是大多数摄影师在他们的环境中很快学会在当时尽可能多地拍摄的原因。这里的两个例子展示了返回的经验会有多特殊。

最基本的两大原则是“对比”和“平衡”

人的视觉会追求和谐，不过这并不代表构图就非得和谐不可。故意不让眼睛看到完美的平衡，能使画面更有趣，而且有助于摄影家激发出预期中想要的反应。有效的构图并不只是为了一种人熟悉的比例制造出温和的画面，它还能给予人视觉上的满足，但好的设计终究以实用为目的。它的出发点是，摄影家对于照片的潜力和画面应该达成的效果，要有明确的想法。

一定要运用感官来体验，运用智力来具体化，再用共感来呈现。

十七世纪法国艺术理论学家罗杰·德·彼勒（Roger de Piles）说得好，他乐见“观众在观赏时加入自己的想象力，并在发现和完成时自得其乐，虽然这要归功于艺术家，但事实上这些收获来自观众自身”。从某个角度来看，这就像是听到一个暗藏玄机的笑话，光是听懂就值回票价了。

书籍介绍

Design is the single most important factor in creating a successful photograph. The ability to see the potential for a strong picture and then organize the graphic elements into an effective, compelling composition has always been one of the key skills in making photographs. Of course, digital photography has brought a new, exciting aspect to design first because the instant feedback from a digital camera allows immediate appraisal and improvement; and second because image-editing tools make it possible to alter and enhance the design after the shutter has been pressed. This has had a profound effect on the way digital photographers take pictures. The Photographers Eye shows how anyone can develop an eye for seeing great digital photos. The book explores all the traditional approaches to composition and design, but crucially, it also addresses the new digital technique of shooting in the knowledge that a picture will later be edited, manipulated, or montaged to result in a final image that may be very different from the one seen in the viewfinder.