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A brilliant account of the life of one of the most influential thinkers of the twentieth century. Popper also explains some of the central ideas in his work, making this ideal reading for anyone coming to his life and work for the first time.

ACKNOWLEDG EM E NTS

1 Omniscience and Fallibility

2 Childhood Memories

3 Early Influences

4 The FirstWorld War

5 An Early Philosophical Problem: Infinity

6 My First Philosophical Failure: The Problem of Essentialism

7 A Long Digression Concerning Essentialism: What Still Divides Me from Most Contemporary Philosophers

8 A Crucial Year: Marxism; Science and Pseudoscience

9 Early Studies

10 A Second Digression: Dogmatic and Critical Thinking; Learning without Induction

11 Music

12 Speculations about the Rise of Polyphonic Music: Psychology of Discovery or Logic of Discovery?

13 Two Kinds of Music

14 Progressivism in Art, Especiallyin Music

15 Last Years at the University

16 Theory of Knowledge: Logik der Forschung

17 Who Killed Logical Positivism?

18 Realism and Quantum Theory

19 Objectivity and Physics

20 Truth; Probability; Corroboration

21 The Approaching War; The Jewish Problem

22 Emigration: England and New Zealand

23 Early Work in New Zealand

24 The Open Society and The Poverty of Historicisrn

25 Other Work in New Zealand

26 England: At the London School of" Economics and Political Science

27 Early Work in England

28 First Visit to the United States. Meeting Einstein

29 Problems and Theories

3o Debates with Schrodinger

31 Objectivity and Criticism

32 Induction; Deduction; Objective Truth

33 Metaphysical Research Programmes

34 Fighting Subjectivism in Physics: Quantum Mechanics and Propensity

35 Boltzmann and the Arrow of Time

36 The Subjectivist Theory of'Entropy

37 Darwinism as a Metaphysical Research Programme

38 World 3 or the Third World

39 The Body-Mind Problem and World 3

40 The Place of Values in a World of'Facts

POSTSCRIPT

POSTSCRIPT TO MARXISM, 1992

NOTES

MAIN PUBLICATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS OF

TITLES

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX

Karl Popper (1902-1994). Philosopher, born in Vienna. one of the most influential and controversial thinkers of the twentieth century.

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也许可以将我的观点陈述如下：明晰性的每一次增加本身具有智力上的价值；而精确性或精密性的每一次增加作为某种确定的目的的一种手段仅有实用上的价值——目的通常是增加问题境况所要求的可检验性和可批判性（例如问题境况要求我们区别两种相竞争的理论，这两种理论导致的预见仅当增加我们测量的精确性时才能区别开来）。

我脑子里有了决不要进行言词之争的规诫，所以我非常愿意（可以说是无可奈何地）承认“意义”这个词也许有这样的意义：一个理论的意义完全取决于在非常明确地表述这个理论时所用词的意义。

我想，这些就是一些更重要的结果，这些结果来自我毕生反本质论的规诫——而这种规诫又是在第6节中描述的讨论的结果。很简单，进一步的一个结果就是认识到追求词或概念或意义的精确性是一种徒劳的举动。根本不存在精确的概念那样的东西（比方在弗雷格的意义上），虽然像“这只水壶的价格”和“30便士”那样的概念通常对于它们在其中使用的问题情境已足够精确了（但是，注意“30便士”如同社会的或经济的概念一样是高度可变的，几年前它具有的意义不同于今天它具有的意义〕。

如果我们过于爽快地承认失败，就可能使自己发觉不了我们非常接近于正确。

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A brilliant account of the life of one of the most influential thinkers of the twentieth century. Popper also explains some of the central ideas in his work, making this ideal reading for anyone coming to his life and work for the first time.