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The former socialist countries’transition to market economies is one of the momentous transformations in modern history。The pace and degree of success have varied widely，and there is increasing divergence in performance， structure，and institutions among the transition economies。hese differences are largely determined by country-specific conditions and political configurations。This book compares the experiences of the countries involved over the first ten years to determine what has worked and failed，as well as the nature of the challenges that lie ahead。

　 After two overviews of the transition process to date，the book presents eleven specific country cases：the reunification of East and West Germany； the most successful transition countries，Poland，Hungary，the Czech Republic，Croatia，and Slovenia；the less successful experience of countries in the former Soviet Union，namely，Russia，Belarus，and Ukraine；and the dissimilar developments in two major Balkan countries，Bulgaria and Romania。The final section summarizes the policy lessons of the different experiences。The contributors，who include ministers，government officials，academics，and leaders of international monetary institutions， stress the need for greater emphasis on institutional building and on the enforcement of contracts。

Ⅰ Introduction

　1 A Decade of Transition in a Variety of Settings：A Comparison of Country Experiences by Mario I. Blejer and Marko Skreb

　2 Ten Years of Transition in Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union：The Good News and the Not-So-Good News by Johannes F. Linn

　3 Postcommunist Transition and Post-Washington Consensus：The Lessons for Policy Reforms by Grzegorz N. Kolodko

Ⅱ The Country Experiences

　4 East Germany： Transition with Unification，Experiments，and Experiences by Jurgen von Hagen and Rolf R. Strauch

　5 Ten Years of Polish Economic Transition，1989-1999 by Marek Dabrowski

　6 Fiscal Foundations of Convergence to the European Union：The Hungarian Economy toward EU Accession by Laszlo Halpern and Judit Nemenyi

　7 The Czech Republic：Ten Years of Transition by Vladimir Dlouhy

　8 Croatia in the Second Stage of Transition，1994-1999 by Velimir Sonje and Boris Vujcic

　9 Fiscal Impulse of Transition：The Case of Slovenia by Velimir Bole

　10 The Legacy of the Socialist Economy：The Macro- and Microeconomic Consequences of Soft Budget Constraints by Yegor Gaidar

　11 Belarus： A Command Economy without Central Planning by D. Mario Nuti

　12 Problems with Economic Transformation in Ukraine by Andres Aslund

　13 The Economic Transition in Bulgaria，1989-1999 by Ilian Mihov

　14 Strain and Economic Adjustment： Romania's Travails and Pains by Daniel Daianu

　15 Transition Economies by Jacques de Larosiere

Notes

Index

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书籍介绍

The former socialist countries' transition to market economies is one of the momentous transformations in modern history. The pace and degree of success have varied widely, and there is increasing divergence in performance, structure, and institutions among the transition economies. These differences are largely determined by country-specific conditions and political configurations. This book compares the experiences of the countries involved over the first ten years to determine what has worked and failed, as well as the nature of the challenges that lie ahead.After two overviews of the transition process to date, the book presents eleven specific country cases: the reunification of East and West Germany; the most successful transition countries, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Croatia, and Slovenia; the less successful experience of countries in the former Soviet Union, namely, Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine; and the dissimilar developments in two major Balkan countries, Bulgaria and Romania. The final section summarizes the policy lessons of the different experiences. The contributors, who include ministers, government officials, academics, and leaders of international monetary institutions, stress the need for greater emphasis on institutional building and on the enforcement of contracts.